The Commonwealth Observer Group (COG) has characterised Bangladesh’s 2026 parliamentary elections and accompanying referendum as a “democratic milestone,” while urging the implementation of further reforms to consolidate these gains.
In its final report, the group – led by Nana Akufo-Addo, the former president of Republic of Ghana – commended the large-scale introduction of postal voting for diaspora voters and individuals in lawful custody.
This initiative was highlighted as a significant step towards increasing the inclusiveness of the electoral process.
The COG, which included 12 other eminent persons from Asia, Africa, the Caribbean, Europe, and the Pacific, was present in Bangladesh from 4 to 18 February. They engaged with a diverse range of stakeholders to assess the pre-election, election-day, and post-election periods following the 8 February polls.
Referendum and EC Performance
The final report noted that the referendum on the July Charter passed with 61.64 per cent support. Although the process was conducted peacefully, observers pointed out that public awareness regarding the specific substance of the referendum was limited.
Regarding the Election Commission (EC) of Bangladesh, the group acknowledged earlier concerns over its independence and capacity, which were linked to controversies surrounding the January 2024 elections and the barring of political parties.
However, for the 2026 cycle, the COG assessed that the voting, counting, and results management processes were conducted professionally.
Inclusion and press freedom
The group raised concerns regarding representation and inclusion. Despite women comprising approximately half of the population and having reserved seats, they represented only four per cent of candidates, with just seven being directly elected.
While voters under the age of 35 make up roughly 44 per cent of the electorate, youth participation was noted as low.
On the matter of media, the report found the environment during the campaign to be more open than in previous cycles, though it noted that legal restrictions and security concerns continue to affect press freedom.
Recommendations for reform
To enhance public confidence in electoral administration, the group recommended strengthening the institutional independence and operational capacity of the EC. They also called for the strengthening of institutions to secure the rule of law.
Releasing the report, Commonwealth Secretary-General Shirley Botchwey welcomed the peaceful conduct of the elections and referendum, stating they demonstrate the citizens’ commitment to their democratic rights.
“The recommendations in this report are offered with the objective of further strengthening democratic institutions and electoral processes,” she said, encouraging authorities to engage stakeholders in developing “inclusive, just and trusted mechanisms.”
The commonwealth has shared the final report with the Bangladesh government, the EC, political parties, and other relevant stakeholders.
